Ingoa:γ- waikawa aminobutyric（GABA）

Nama CAS:56-12-2

Ngā kupu taurite4-Awaikawa minobutyric; waikawa ammonia butyric;Waikawa Pipecolic.

1. Me noho pūmau te awe o te GABA ki te whāngai kararehe i roto i tētahi wā. He hononga tata te kai e kainga ana ki te mahi whakaputa kararehe me te heihei. Hei mahi whanonga uaua, ko te whāngai te nuinga o te wā e whakahaerehia ana e te pūnaha io matua. Ko te pokapū makona (te pūtake Ventromedial o te hypothalamus) me te pokapū whāngai (te rohe hypothalamus taha) ngā kaiwhakahaere kararehe.

Mā te pokapū matua o te kai GABA ka taea te whakatairanga i te whāngai kararehe mā te aukati i te mahi a te pokapū makona, ka whakarei ake i te kaha whāngai kararehe. He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu ko te werohanga i tētahi horopeta GABA ki ngā rohe roro rerekē o ngā kararehe ka taea te whakatairanga nui i te whāngai kararehe, ā, ka pā ki te horopeta. Mā te tāpiri i te GABA ki te kai matua o ngā poaka whakamomona ka taea te whakanui ake i te kai poaka, te whakanui ake i te taumaha, ā, kāore e whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te pūmua kai.

2. Te pānga o te GABA ki te nakunaku o te puku me te pūnaha endocrine Hei neurotransmitter, hei modulator rānei, he whānui te mahi a te GABA i roto i te pūnaha io ā-ringa o ngā kararehe tuarā.

3. Te pānga o te GABA ki te nekehanga o te puku. He whānui te kitea o te GABA i roto i te ara puku, ā, kei roto i te pūnaha io me te kiriuhi o te ara puku o ngā mammal ngā muka io ārai-mate GABA, ngā pūtau io pai rānei. Kei roto hoki i te epithelium o te mucosa puku ngā pūtau endocrine GABA. He pānga whakahaere tā te GABA ki ngā pūtau uaua maeneene o te puku, ngā pūtau endocrine me ngā pūtau kore-endocrine. He pānga aukati nui tā te GABA o waho ki ngā wāhanga puku motuhake o ngā kiore, e kitea ana i roto i te whakangā me te whakaheke i te kaha o ngā wāhanga puku motuhake. Ko tēnei tikanga aukati a te GABA he mea pea mā te aukati i ngā pūnaha cholinergic me/ranei kore-cholinergic o te puku, e mahi ana me te kore he pūnaha adrenergic; Ka taea hoki te here motuhake ki te kaiwhakawhiwhi GABA e rite ana ki ngā pūtau uaua maeneene o te puku.

4. Ka whakahaere te GABA i te pākia o te kararehe. He whānuitia ngā pānga o te GABA ki te pūnaha puku hei homoni ā-rohe, pērā i ētahi repe me ngā homoni endocrine. I raro i ngā āhuatanga in vitro, ka taea e te GABA te whakaoho i te whakaputanga o te homoni tipu mā te whakahohe i te kaiwhakawhiwhi GABA i roto i te puku. Ka taea e te homoni tipu kararehe te whakatairanga i te hanganga o ētahi peptides i roto i te ate (pērā i te IGF-1), te whakanui ake i te tere pākia o ngā pūtau uaua, te whakanui ake i te tere tipu me te tere hurihanga whāngai o ngā kararehe. I taua wā anō, i whakarerekētia hoki te tohatoha o ngā matūkai whāngai i roto i te tinana kararehe; Ka taea te whakapae ko te pānga whakatairanga tipu o te GABA e pā ana ki tana whakahaere i te mahi homoni tipu mā te pā ki te mahi a te pūnaha endocrine io.