Ko te Betaine (te nuinga o te glycine betaine), hei whakaoho koiora i roto i te mahi ahuwhenua, he pānga nui ki te whakapai ake i te ātete ki te ahotea o ngā hua (pēnei i te ātete ki te tauraki, te ātete ki te tote, me te ātete ki te makariri). Mō tōna whakamahinga i roto i te aukati i te pakaru o ngā hua, kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau me ngā mahi he pānga ōna, ko te nuinga mā te whakahaere i ngā tikanga ā-tinana o ngā tipu hei whakaiti i te pakaru o ngā hua.

Ko te tikanga matua o te mahi a te betaine hei aukati i te pakaru o ngā hua:
1. Te pānga whakahaere osmotic
He mea nui te Betaine hei whakahaere i te osmotic i roto i ngā pūtau tipu, ā, ka āwhina i te pupuri i te taurite osmotic. I te wā e tere ana te tipu o ngā hua, i te wā rānei e pāngia ana e ngā huringa nui o te nui o te wai (pēnei i te ua nui ohorere i muri i te tauraki), ka taea e te betaine te whakau i te pēhanga osmotic o ngā pūtau, te whakaiti i te kore taurite i waenga i te tere tipu o te penupenu hua me te tere tipu o te kiri i puta mai i te tere mimiti wai, ā, nā reira ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pakaru o ngā hua.
2. Whakarei ake i te pumau o te kiriuhi pūtau
Ka taea e te Betaine te tiaki i te hanganga me te mahi o ngā kiriuhi pūtau, te whakaiti i te kino o ngā kiriuhi pūtau i puta mai i ngā raruraru (pērā i te pāmahana teitei me te tauraki), te whakapakari i te pakari me te kaha o ngā kiri hua, ā, ka kaha ake te tu atu o ngā kiri hua ki ngā huringa pēhanga o roto.
3. Te tiaki i te antioxidants
He maha ngā wā e hono ana te pakaru o ngā hua ki te ahotea waikura. Ka taea e te Betaine te whakarei ake i te mahi a ngā whākōkī waikura (pēnei i te SOD, POD, CAT) i roto i ngā tipu, te whakakore i te nui rawa o ngā momo hāora tauhohe (ROS), te whakaiti i te kino waikura o ngā pūtau, me te pupuri i te hauora o ngā pūtau kiri hua.
4. Whakatairanga i te mimiti me te kawe konupūmā
He wāhanga nui te konupūmā o te pakitara pūtau i roto i ngā kiri hua, ā, mā te kore o te konupūmā ka pakarukaru ngā kiri hua. Ka taea e te Betaine te whakapai ake i te urunga o te kiri pūtau, te whakatairanga i te kawe me te kohikohi o ngā katote konupūmā ki te kiri hua, me te whakarei ake i te kaha ā-pūkaha o te kiri hua.
5. Te whakahaere i te taurite o ngā homoni
He pānga ā-korekore ki te hanga me te tuku tohu o ngā homoni taketake (pērā i te ABA me te ethylene) i roto i ngā tipu, ka whakaroa i te tukanga koroheketanga o ngā kiri hua, me te pupuri i te kaha tipu o ngā kiri hua.

Te pānga o te tono tuturu:
1. Ngā hua e tika ana:

He whānuitia te whakamahinga mō ngā hua e ngāwari ana te pakaru pērā i te karepe, te cheri, te tōmato, te citrus, me te date, inā koa mō ngā momo e pāngia ana e te wai pērā i te karepe me ngā cheri Sunshine Rose.
2. Pānga ārai pakaru:
Kua whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau mara ka taea e te paninga rau o te betaine (0.1%~0.3% te kukū) te whakaiti i te tere o te pakaru o ngā hua mā te 20%~40%, me ngā pānga motuhake e rerekē ana i runga i te momo hua, te āhuarangi, me ngā mahi whakahaere.
Ina whakamahia ngātahitia me ngā maniua konupūmā (pērā i te konupūmā waipiro huka me te konupūmā waikawa amino), ka pai ake te pānga, ka hanga he parenga takirua o te "whakahaere uruhanga + whakapakari hanganga".

Ngā whakaaro whakamahi:
Te wā matua mō te tono: Rehuhia kia 2-3 ngā wā i ia 7-10 rā, mai i te tīmatanga o te pupuhi o te hua ki te wā e huri ana te tae.
Te ārai i mua i te raruraru:

E matapaetia ana ka whakapakari te rehu i te oneone i ngā rā e 3 ki te 5 i mua i te ua, i te tauraki tonu rānei, ā, e ai ki te matapae, ka pai ake te ātete ki ngā raruraru.

Te kukū e taunakitia ana mō te rehu rau: 0.1%~0.3% (arā, 1-3 karamu/rita wai) hei karo i te taumahatanga tote i runga i ngā rau i puta mai i te kukū nui.
Te whakamakuku pakiaka: 0.05%~0.1%, me te whakahaere wai.
Kaupapa whakakotahi:
Tongāmimi Betaine+konupūmā (pērā i te waipiro huka konupūmā): e whakapakari ana i te kiri.
Tongoa Betaine+boron: ka whakatairanga i te mimiti konupūmā me te whakaiti i ngā mate ā-tinana.
Tangohanga Betaine+rimurimu: ka whakarei ake i te ātete ki te ahotea.

Ngā take e tika ana kia arohia:
Ko te whakahaere wai te tūāpapa:Kāore e taea e te Betaine te whakakapi i te whakamakuku pūtaiao! He mea tika kia mau tonu te makuku o te oneone (pēnei i te whakatakoto kiriata kirihou, te whakamakuku maturuturu) me te karo i te tere maroke o te makuku.
Taurite kai:Me whakarite kia taurite te whakarato o te pāhare pāporo, te konupūmā, te boron me ētahi atu huānga, ā, karohia te whakamahi i ngā maniua hauota i runga i te whakaaro hē.
Hototahi ki te taiao: Kāore he paitini o te Betaine, he haumaru mō te taiao me ngā hua, ā, he pai mō ngā pūnaha whakato matomato.

Whakarāpopototanga:
Ka whakarei ake te Betaine i te ātete ki te pakaru o ngā hua mā roto i ngā huarahi maha pērā i te whakahaere osmotic, te whakapakari i te pumau o te membrane, te mahi antioxidant, me te whakatairanga i te mimiti konupūmā. Hei mahi āwhina, me whakakotahi ngā mahi whānui pērā i te whakahaere wai me te whakahaere matūkai hei whakaiti i te tere pakaru o ngā hua.

I ngā mahi tūturu, e taunakihia ana kia rehuhia te oneone iti te kukū kia maha ngā wā i te wā e pupuhi ana te hua, ā, kia matua whakamahia te whakakotahitanga me ngā maniua konupūmā me te boron hei whakatutuki i te pānga pai rawa atu mō te ārai i ngā pakaru.