Ko ngā surfactants bipolar he surfactants he rōpū hydrophilic anionic me cationic.

I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā matū whakaora-ā-whakapūmau amphoteric he matū kei a rātou ngā rōpū hydrophilic e rua i roto i te ngota kotahi, tae atu ki ngā rōpū hydrophilic anionic, cationic, me te non-ionic. Ko ngā matū whakaora-ā-whakapūmau amphoteric e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā rōpū hydrophilic me ngā tote ammonium, quaternary ammonium rānei i te wāhanga cationic me ngā momo carboxylate, sulfonate, me te phosphate i te wāhanga anionic. Hei tauira, ko ngā matū whakaora-ā-whakapūmau waikawa amino amphoteric me ngā rōpū amino me ngā wāhanga i roto i te ngota kotahi he matū whakaora-ā-whakapūmau betaine amphoteric i hangaia mai i ngā tote o roto kei roto ngā rōpū ammonium quaternary me te carboxyl, me te whānuitanga o ngā momo.

Ka rerekē te whakaaturanga o ngā surfactants amphiphilic i runga i te uara pH o tā rātou otinga.

Te whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga o ngā matū horoi cationic i roto i ngā pāpāho waikawa; Te whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga o ngā matū horoi anionic i roto i ngā pāpāho kawakore; Te whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga o ngā matū horoi kore-ionic i roto i ngā pāpāho kūpapa. Ko te pūwāhi e tino taurite ana ngā āhuatanga cationic me te anionic ka kiia ko te pūwāhi isoelectric.

I te pūwāhi isoelectric, ka puta ngā matū horomanga amphoteric momo waikawa amino i ētahi wā, engari kāore e ngāwari te puta o ngā matū horomanga momo betaine ahakoa i te pūwāhi isoelectric.

Momo BetaineI te tīmatanga i whakarōpūtia ngā matū hopi hei matū tote ammonia quaternary, engari kāore i rite ki ngā tote ammonia quaternary, kāore he anion i roto.
Ka mau tonu te Betaine i tōna āhua pai me ōna āhuatanga cationic i roto i ngā rauemi waikawa me te kawakore. Kāore e taea e tēnei momo surfactant te whiwhi i ngā utu pai, kino rānei. I runga i te uara pH o te wairewa o tēnei momo matū, he tika te whakarōpū he he hei surfactant amphoteric.

E ai ki tēnei tautohe, me whakarōpū ngā pūhui momo betaine hei surfactants cationic. Ahakoa ēnei tautohe, ko te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi pūhui betaine kei te whakarōpū tonu i a rātou hei pūhui amphoteric. I roto i te whānuitanga o te heteroelectricity, kei reira he hanganga biphasic i roto i te ngohe mata: R-N+(CH3) 2-CH2-COO -.

Ko te tauira tino rongonui o ngā surfactants momo betaine ko te alkylbetaine, ā, ko tōna hua matua ko N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-carboxyl betaine [BS-12, Cl2H25-N+(CH3) 2-CH2COO -]. He pai ake te mahi a te Betaine me ngā rōpū amide [ka whakakapia te Cla2H25 i roto i te hanganga e R-CONH - (CH2) 3-].

Kāore te pakeke o te wai e pā ki tebetainehe matū horoi. Ka puta he pahuka pai, he pumau hoki i roto i te wai ngohengohe me te wai mārō. Haunga te whakakotahitanga ki ngā matū anionic i ngā uara pH iti, ka taea hoki te whakamahi tahi me ngā matū horoi anionic me te cationic. Mā te whakakotahi i te betaine me ngā matū horoi anionic, ka taea te whakatutuki i te matotoru tino pai.