Betainehe tāpiringa kai wai e taea ai te whakatairanga i te tipu me te hauora o ngā ika.

I roto i te mahi ahuwhenua ika, ko te horopeta o te betaine waikore he 0.5% ki te 1.5%.

Me whakarerekē te nui o te betaine i tāpirihia kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te momo ika, te taumaha tinana, te wāhanga tipu, me te tauira kai.

Te whakamahinga o te betaine i roto i te tinanaahuwhenua ikako te nuinga o te wā ko te mahi hei kukume kai me te whakaiti i ngā tauhohenga ahotea.

Hei mea kukume kai, ka taea e te betaine te whakaoho i te kakara me te reka o ngā kararehe wai pērā i te ika me te kōura nā tōna reka ahurei me tōna hou, te whakapai ake i te reka o te kai, te whakatairanga i te kai, te whakateretere i te tipu, me te whakaiti i te para kai.

Mā te tāpiri i te 0.5% ki te 1.5% betaine ki ngā kai wai ka nui ake te kai a ngā kararehe wai, ka whakatairanga i te tipu me te whanaketanga, ka whakapai ake i te tere whakamahinga o ngā kai, ka ārai i ngā mate kai pēnei i te ate momona, me te whakapiki ake i te tere oranga.

Mō ngā ika wai māori noa pērā i te kāpa me te kāpa crucian, ko te nui o te tāpiri he 0.2% ki te 0.3%; mō ngā pāpaka pērā i te kōura me te pāpaka, he paku teitei ake te nui o te tāpiri, i waenga i te 0.3% me te 0.5%.

Ehara i te mea ka taea e te Betaine te kukume i ngā kararehe wai anake, engari ka whakatairanga hoki i te tipu me te whanaketanga o ngā kararehe wai, te whakapai ake i te tere whakamahinga o te kai, te ārai i ngā mate kai pēnei i te ate momona, me te whakapiki ake i te tere oranga.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea hoki e te betaine te mahi hei matū ārai mō ngā rerekētanga o te pēhanga osmotic, hei āwhina i ngā kararehe wai kia urutau ki ngā huringa taiao, hei whakapai ake i tō rātou manawanui ki te tauraki, te haumākū nui, te tote nui, me ngā taiao pēhanga osmotic teitei, hei pupuri i te mahi mimiti matūkai, hei whakarei ake i te manawanui o ngā ika, ngā kōura, me ētahi atu momo ki ngā rerekētanga o te pēhanga osmotic, ā, hei whakapiki ake i te tere oranga.

Ngā whakamātautau i runga ihāmanaI te 10℃ i whakaatuhia he pānga ārai-makariri me te ārai-aue te betaine, ā, i whakarato i te pūtake pūtaiao mō ngā ika takitahi ki te noho i te takurua. Mā te tāpiri i te 0.5% betaine ki te kai i tino whakaoho i te kaha o te whāngai, i piki ake te pikinga o ia rā mā te 41% ki te 49%, ā, i heke te tauwehenga kai mā te 14% ki te 24%. Mā te tāpiri i te betaine ki te whāngai kāpeti tarutaru ka taea te whakaiti i te nui o te ngako ate o te kāpeti tarutaru, ā, ka ārai pai i te mate ate momona.

He pānga whakaohooho tō te Betaine ki te whāngai i ngā pāpaka pērā i te pāpaka me te kōura; ka pā kaha te Betaine ki te whanonga whāngai a ngā tuna;

Nā te tāpiri i te betaine ki te whāngai i hangaia mō te taraute āniwaniwa me te hāmana i piki ake ai te taumaha tinana me te tere hurihanga whāngai neke atu i te 20%. I whakaatuhia e te whāngai hāmana he whakapainga nui i roto i te taumaha tinana me te tere whakamahi whāngai, tae atu ki te 31.9% me te 21.88%, ia;

I te tāpiritanga o te 0.1-0.3% betaine ki te kai a te kāpa metaraute āniwaniwa, i tino piki ake te kai i kainga, i piki ake te taumaha mā te 10-30%, i heke te tauwehenga kai mā te 13.5-20%, i piki ake te tere hurihanga kai mā te 10-30%, ā, i whakaitihia te urupare ahotea, ā, i pai ake te tere oranga o ngā ika.

E whakaatu ana ēnei tono he mea nui te mahi a te betaine kore wai i roto i te mahi ahuwhenua ika, ā, mā te tāpiri i te horopeta tika, ka taea e ia te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi ahuwhenua ika me ngā painga ōhanga.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te nui obetaineMe whakarerekē te nui o te kai e tāpirihia ana ki te kai wai kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga motuhake kia pai ai te tipu me te hauora o ngā ika.