He aha ngā waikawa rauropi?

Ko te "waikawa waro" e pā ana ki ngā waikawa katoa e kiia nei ko ngā waikawa carboxylic i hangaia i runga i te anga waro ka taea te whakarerekē i te hanganga ā-tinana o ngā huakita, ka puta ai ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te pākia o te tinana ka ārai i te tipu me te mate.

Tata ki ngā waikawa waro katoa e whakamahia ana i roto i te kai kararehe (pērā i te waikawa formic, te waikawa propionic, te waikawa lactic, te waikawa acetic, te waikawa sorbic, te waikawa citric rānei) he hanganga aliphatic, ā, he puna pūngao mō ngā pūtau. He rerekē,waikawa benzoiche mea hanga ki runga i ngā mowhiti kakara, ā, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga pākia me te mimiti.

Mā te tāpiritanga o ngā waikawa rauropi ki ngā horopeta teitei e tika ana ki te kai kararehe ka taea te whakanui i te taumaha o te tinana, te whakapai ake i te huringa kai, me te whakaiti i te noho o ngā pathogens i roto i te puku.

1, whakaitihia te uara pH me te kaha pupuri i roto i te whāngai me ngā pānga antibacterial me te antifungal.

2, mā te tuku i ngā katote hauwai i roto i te puku hei whakaiti i te uara pH, mā te whakahohe i te pepsinogen hei hanga pepsin me te whakapai ake i te nakunaku pūmua;

3. Te aukati i ngā huakita karamu-kino i roto i te ara kai.

4, ngā matū takawaenga - e whakamahia ana hei pūngao.

Ko te whai huatanga o te waikawa waro ki te aukati i te tipu o te moroiti e whakawhirinaki ana ki tōna uara pKa, e whakaahua ana i te pH o te waikawa i te 50% i roto i tōna āhua wehe me te kore wehe. Ko te mea whakamutunga ko te huarahi e whai āhuatanga patu huakita ai ngā waikawa waro. Mēnā kei roto ngā waikawa waro i tō rātou āhua kore wehe ka taea e rātou te haere mā roto i ngā pakitara o ngā huakita me ngā harore me te whakarerekē i ō rātou pākia, ka whai kaha patu huakita ai rātou. Nō reira, ko te tikanga o tēnei he teitei ake te whai huatanga patu huakita o ngā waikawa waro i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikawa (pērā i roto i te puku) ā, he iti iho i te pH kūpapa (i roto i te whekau).

Nō reira, ko ngā waikawa waro he nui ngā uara pKa he waikawa ngoikore ake, ā, he kaha ake ngā patu huakita i roto i te whāngai nā te nui ake o ngā āhua kore-wehewehe kei roto i te whāngai, ka taea te tiaki i te whāngai mai i ngā harore me ngā moroiti.

Glyceride waikawa

I ngā tau 1980, i kitea e te kaipūtaiao Amerikana a Agre tētahi pūmua kiriuhi pūtau e kiia nei ko te aquaporin. Nā te kitenga o ngā awa wai i huaki ai tētahi wāhanga rangahau hou. I tēnei wā, kua kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao he whānuitia ngā aquaporin i roto i ngā kararehe, ngā tipu me ngā moroiti.

Mā te hanga o te waikawa propionic me te waikawa butyric me te glycerol, te waikawa α-monopropionic glycerol ester, te waikawa α-monobutyric glycerol ester, mā te aukati i te hongere glycerol huakita me te harore, ka pokanoa ki tā rātou toenga pūngao me te toenga hihiri o te kiriuhi, kia ngaro ai ngā pūtake pūngao, kia aukati ai i te hanga pūngao kia pai ai te pānga patu huakita, ā, kāore he toenga rongoā.