Mā te whakamahi i ngā waikawa waro ka taea te whakapai ake i te tipu o ngā heihei me ngā poaka e tipu ana. I whakahaerehia e Paulicks et al. (1996) tētahi whakamātautau ine horopeta hei aromatawai i te pānga o te pikinga o te taumata pāhare pāporo dicarboxylate ki te tipu o ngā poaka e tipu ana. 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4 me te 2.8%pāhare pākawa waroi tāpirihia ki te whāngai tuatahi o ngā poaka iti i whāngaihia ki te kai kānga pīni soya. Ko te pikinga toharite o ia rā, te kai e kainga ana i ia rā me te tere hurihanga whāngai o te rōpū pāhare pākawa dicarboxylate i piki ake mā te 13%, 9% me te 4%. Ki te whakatauritea ki te rōpū kāore i rongoātia, ko te tāpiri 2% PD i piki ake te taumaha tinana mā te 22%. E ai ki te taumata tāpiri mōrahi i rēhitatia e ngā mana whakahaere Pākehā o te 1.8%, ka taea te whakanui ake i te taumaha ki te 14%. I whakanuia te kai e kainga ana i te horopeta kotahi. I heke haere te tere hurihanga whāngai (FCR) i te taha o te pikinga o te PD, mai i te 1.59 ki te 1.47. Kua tūhuratia e ētahi kairangahau te pānga o te PD ki te mahi a te poaka iti. E whakarāpopoto ana te Ripanga 1 i ngā hua whakamātautau o ngā pānga o te PD ki te pikinga taumaha (WG) me te FCR.

Ngā pānga o te pāhare pākawa waro ki te whakanui i te taumaha o te kararehe me te hurihanga kai

Pāhare pākawa warokua rēhitatia hei kaiwhakatairanga tipu kore-paturopi, e whai ana ki te whakakapi i ngā paturopi i roto i te whāngai me te whakarite kia uru atu ngā kaihoko ki ngā hua haumaru ake. Nō reira, me whakataurite ngā painga o te whakamahi i te pāhare pākawa waro ki ngā pānga o te whakamahinga auau o ngā paturopi whāngai. Ko te Tylosin tētahi o ngā paturopi whāngai e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā poaka. I whakataurite a Danielsen (1998) i te mahi tipu o ngā poaka i rongoatia ki te kaiwhakatairanga tipu paturopi tylosin, PD rānei. I whakaatuhia e ngā hua ka taea e te pāhare pākawa waro te whakakapi i ngā paturopi whāngai me te kore he pānga kino ki te mahi a te kararehe. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka whakapai ake te pāhare pākawa waro i te mahi tipu o ngā kararehe, ā, ko te mahi patu huakita o te pāhare pākawa waro te mea matua e pā ana ki te mahi tipu.

Ko te pānga o ngā waikawa waro ki te tipu o te kararehe, ehara i te mea ko te pānga kino o ngā waikawa waro ki ngā moroiti anake, engari ko te whakahekenga hoki o te pH o te puku. Hei tāpiri, he pānga pai ngā katote kino o te waikawa ki te mahi tahi a ngā tipu puku. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei pānga katoa te pākia o waenga, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakapai ake i te tipu o te kararehe. Ko te whakapainga o te whakamahinga matūkai he wāhanga nā te whakaiti i te whakataetae moroiti mō ngā matūkai, engari he hua anō hoki nō te nakunaku whai hua ake o ngā matūkai e ngā whākōkī. I kōrero a Roth et al. (1998) ko te tāpiringa PD 1.8% i whakapai ake i te nakunaku, e whakaata ana i ngā huringa o te mahi a ngā moroiti puku. I te mea e 80% o te hauota i roto i ngā paru e ahu mai ana i ngā moroiti, e whakaatu ana ā rātou hua ka taea e te tāpiringa PD te whakaiti i te nui o ngā matūkai ka taea te whakapūkara e uru ana ki te puku o muri mā te whakapai ake i te nakunaku whākōkī o te puku iti. I kī anō rātou tera pea ka whakapai ake i te āhua hiroki o te tinana mā te whakangawari ake i te whakatakoto pūmua ki roto i te tinana e ngā waikawa amino. I tohu a Partanene rāua ko Mroz (1999) he nui ake te pānga o ngā pūtake pūmua kounga iti ki te whakapai ake i te nakunaku pūmua i ngā pūtake pūmua kounga teitei.

Ka taea e te pāhare pākawa waro te whakapai ake i te taumaha o te kararehe, te kai me te hurihanga o te kai. He rite te whakapai ake i te mahi tipu ki te whakatairanga tipu. Nō reira, kua noho te pāhare pākawa waro hei whakakapi whai hua mō ngā paturopi kai nā ōna āhuatanga pai rawa atu. Ko te pānga ki te microflora te huarahi mahi matua, ā, kāore he mōrearea o te ātete moroiti. Ka whakaiti i te tere o te puta mai o te E. coli me te Salmonella i roto i ngā hua mīti.